Jacob reese



J. REESE. Machine for Straightening Cylindrical Bars of Metal. No. 65,832. Patented June 18, 1867.

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JACOB REESE, OFjPITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANlA.

Letters .Zafent No. 65,832, dated Jmre'lS, 186i.

ELIE firlgihn'le Infant in in ilgesc Zlettrts time :int mating part at llgr smut.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, JACOB REESE, of Pittsburg in the county of Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a. new and useful Improvement in Rolling and Straightening Cylindrical Bars and Tubes of Iron, Steel, orother metals; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the devices I employ; and

Figure 2 is a top viewthereofia part of the framework being removed.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts.

The mode of rolling or forming cylindrical bars or shafts'formcrly in common use, was to run such bars or shafts through between the opposite surfaces of cylindrical rolls, in the faces of which grooves were cut, of the shape sought to be given to the bar or shaft. This mode of rolling, however, had a tendency to flatten the bar,

so as to make its cross-section somewhat of an elliptical shape. The bar was then turned so as to bring the major axis of such cross-section at right angles to the axis of the rolls, and the rolling continued till the bar was made as nearly cylindrical as was possible by that process. As improvements on this method, such bars or shafts have been rolled between the converging surfaces of parallel rolls, or between the cylindrical surfaces of rolls whose axes were slightly inclined to each other, or between the opposite surfaces of rolls hollowed or 'grooved, the direction of the bar so rolled generally being parallel, or nearly so, to the axis of one or both the rolls so used. In the two modes of rolling last named, the tendency ofthe process is to tear open the welds of the iron, or lessen the adhesive qualities of the particles composing the cylindrical surface of the bar or shaft. The difficulties attending all these modes of rolling are overcome, toa great extent, if not wholly, by my invention, which consists in rolling cylindrical rods, bars, and shafts, and in straightening cylindrical tubes or pipes of iron, steel, or other metals, between the conical faces of revolving disks, or the conical ends of revolving rolls, such disks or rolls revolving opposite to each other and in opposite directions, and in the devices by which such rolling or straightening is to be done.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, Iwill proceed to describe its construction and mode of operation. 7

The materials I employ in the construction of my machinery are such as are ordinarily used, or are adapted to the purposes-hereinafter to be mentioned. A is a bed, frame, or foundation on which the main part of the machinery rests. The uprightposts B B and cross-bar C constitute a hanging frame for the shafting,

though usually I'find it better to attach such shafting to the building above, as is now commonly done. On the I plumber-blocks a a, and resting in proper bearings, a a, is the axle 6, to which power is applied by a crank, or by other such gearing as is ordinarily used for communicating motion. On the axle bis a pulley, c, and rigidly attached to its inner end is the vertical disk-roll (2, having a face slightly conical, as shown in fig. 2. By the-pulley c and 'belt' I) motion is communicated to the corresponding pulley c, and its shaft f, which latter operates the universal joint g, and through it the shaft and pulley k hung, thereon. The pulleys c and 71', with their shaftsfa'ndf', are supported in any convenient manner by the hanging frame 13 C, and operate in boxes inserted therein or attached thereto; or, as just mentioned, they may be supported from the building above. From the pulley 7t motion is reversed by the cross-belt Z, and communicated to the pulley It, which, with the disk-roll d, is attached to the axle 2'), operating in boxes or bearings m m, which rest in the plumberblocks mm. The disk-roll d has also a conicalfuce similar to that of the disk-roll 61. Between the disk-rolls (Z and d, and withits axis usually a little below the centre of the lower one of such rolls, is the cylindrical rest-roller 'n, of a diameter somewhat less than the distance between the faces of the disk-rolls d d in their line of bite. It is placed on bearings 0 0, which are set on or in the plumber-blocks 0 0. The bearings o 0 may be removed, and larger or smaller ones inserted, in order to raise or lower the rest-roller at, when necessary, or other well-known mode of adjustment in lieu thereof may be substituted. testing on this rest-roller 'n, and playing'on and along its surface, is the rod, bar, shaft, or tube e, which is to be rolled or straightened. The axle b is so fitted to its bearings m m that the disk-roll 12 may be adjusted to operate nearer or more distant from the corresponding disk-roll cl. "This adjustmgnt I effect by making a socket in the outer end of the axle b, in which to operate the end of a screw, 19. The plumber-block q carries a box or nut in its upper end, which is tapped for the thread of the screw ,1). By turning up or slackening the screwy) by its head 1;, the disk-roll d is moved up towards or allowed to roccde from its corresponding roll d, the axle Z) sliding in its bearings for that purpose, as above indicated. The disk-rolls d and 02 are thus made to bit-e the bar 2 with a suificient degree of compression to give it a rotary and also a forward movement as hereinafter to be described. The faces of the disk-rolls cl d are made of conical shape, as already indicated, the altitudes of the cones thus formed usually being small in proportion to the diameters of their bases respectively, which latter areequal, or nearly so, each to the diameter of its own disk-roll. The apexes s s of the cones thus formed may be slightly rounded, if so desired, though commonly I bring them to apoint. It is also practicable to make such faces of the shape of the frustum of a cone, though seldom, if ever, desirable. The object in view in giving the faces of the diskrolls cl cl a conical shape, is to make the line of their bite lie entirely on one side 'of the apexes s s, and not exceed in length the distance from either apex s or s to the periphery of its own roll (Z or (1; for if the faces of the disk-rolls d d wcrc flat, and the line of bite extended across on both sides of their centres, the action of the disk-rolls (Z d, in the line of bite on one side of their centres, would obviously be opposed to their action on the other side, so that no valuable result could in such case be secured. The plumber-blocks m were usually of less altitude from the foundation A than the corresponding blocks a a, so as to bring the axis of the a-Xle b and the apex s oi the conical disk-roll (1 out of the line of, or below the apex s of the corresponding disk-roll d. It is not necessary, however, that the apcxes s s be in the same vertical plane, only thatthe plane passing through them be at right angles, or nearly so, to the direction of the forward or longitudinal motion, which is to be given to the bar or tube .2 which is to be rolled or straightened. The line of bite of the dish-rolls (Z d( against the bar or tube V 2 should, to secure the most perfect action possible, be in a'plane passing midwayiibetwcen such centres or apexes s s, in which case both disk-rolls, the one, (I, workii'ig with a downward motion on a line of bite below its centre or apex s, and the other, (Z', working with an upward motion on a line ofbite above its apex s, will, on the wellknown principle of rcsolutionof forces, impart to the bar-or tube 2 not only a rotary motion on its axis, but also, and at the same time, a forward motion in the line of its axis. But the line of bite need not be necessarily in a plane passing exactly midway between the npexes ss, as described, since it may be either above or below such plane, though the greater its distance above or below, the less smoothly and satisfactorily will the machinery as above described operate. The vertical distance between the two apoxes s s need not be great, but the greater it is, other things being equal, the more rapid will be the forward or longitudinal motion of the bar 2, and vice verse. I am thus enabled so to adjust. the forward motion that the bars or tubes 2 shall be passed through between the disk-rolls (Z cl as fast as they are reduced to the required cylindrical form. But in order to secure a bite such as that described, it is necessary to adjust the machinery so that the opposite facs'of the disk-rolls (1 cl, on one and the same side of the apcxes s 8, shall be parallel, or nearly so. This I do by so adjusting the axle b onits bearings that it will make, with the prolongation of the axis of the axle I, an angle equal to the sum of the angles of elevation of the sides of the cones forming the faces of the disk-rolls (Z d. The opposite faces of the disk-rolls (Z d, on the same side of heir apexes s s, and along their line of bite, will then be approximately parallel; so much so as to secure the rotary and forward movements as above described. Oi course the shaftingff must be hung parallel to the-axles b I), respectively, and hence the necessity of the universal joint g, or such bevel-gearing in lieu thereof aswill secure the same result. But inorder to make the bar or tube .2 move through between the disk-rolls (Z d, along and resting upon the upper surface of the rest-roller n, I usually make one of the pulleys c of a diameter slightly larger than that of its corresponding pulley it. or otherwise vary the relative size of the gearing employed, so as to give to the disk-roll (1, having an upward motion on its line of bite, a slower revolution than is given to the disk-roll (Z, working with a downward motion on its line-of bite. In such case the more rapid motion of the disk-roll (1 will carry the bar or tube 2, if it chances to be inserted at or near the top of the rolls, downwards on to the rest-roller 72 and prevent its rising above that line of bite its-the process of rolling goes on.

The bar to be rolled being heated to any desirable temperature, one end of it is inserted between the peripheries of the disk-rolls d d, the other end, if necessary, being supported in any convenient manner. Then, by operating the devices described, and in the manner above stated, I communicate to the bar so inserted a rotary motion on its axis, by which to give it a cylindrical shape, as it passes through along the line of the bite of the disks (1 d, such forward motion being in the line of its axis, and being also communicated to it at the same time with the rotary motion above described. I apply the devices described to shaping, rolling, or straightening cylindrical rods, bars, shafts, tubes, and pipes of any metal or metallic compound, the mode of operation being in all cases substantially the same and as above described.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Rolling and straightening cylindrical rods, bars, shafts, and tubes, or pipe of iron, steel, or other metals, between the conical faces of revolving disks, or the conical ends of revolving rolls, arranged substantially in the manner and for the purposes above set forth.

2. The pair of revolving cone-faced disks, arranged as described, so as to revolve in opposite directions, having their axes ofrevolution inclined so as to bring their operative faces, forming the bite of the disks, parallel to each other, and having their axes in slightly tlifi'eientplai'ies, for the purpose of giving a combined rotary and forward motion to themetallic rod, bar, shaft, or tube, held between the bite of the disks, substantially as described. 7

3. The combination of a pair of rolls or disks, (Z d, having conical ends or faces, with the rest-roller 01, arranged and operating substantially as hereinbefore described.

4:- The combination of the screw with the axle b and disk or roll d, for the purpose of increasing or lessening the distance of the disk or roll d from its corresponding disk or roll d, substantially as above described.

In testimony whereof I, the said JACOB REESE, have hereunto set my hand in presence oi moor. nnnsc.

Witnesses:

A. S. Nicnotsoa, Gno. HQ Onnisrr. 

